{"id":76,"date":"2016-05-11T12:28:36","date_gmt":"2016-05-11T04:28:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/?p=76"},"modified":"2016-05-11T21:59:56","modified_gmt":"2016-05-11T13:59:56","slug":"linux%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/linux%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u6743\u9650"},"content":{"rendered":"

1\u3001\u4fee\u6539root\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801 <\/p>\n

sudo su         \/\/\u8fdb\u5165root\u7528\u6237
adduser ftp   \/\/\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aftp\u7684\u7528\u6237
passwd ftp   \/\/\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

2\u3001chmod\u547d\u4ee4 <\/p>\n

chmod 774 \/usr\/www<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6307\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0 : chmod
\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650 : \u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005
\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f : chmod [-cfvR] [–help] [–version] mode file…
\u8bf4\u660e : Linux\/Unix \u7684\u6863\u6848\u8c03\u7528\u6743\u9650\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ea7 : \u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u3001\u7fa4\u7ec4\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u3002\u5229\u7528 chmod \u53ef\u4ee5\u85c9\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u6863\u6848\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u8c03\u7528\u3002
\u53c2\u6570 :
mode : \u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5b57\u4e32\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b : [ugoa…][[+-=][rwxX]…][,…]\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d
u \u8868\u793a\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0cg \u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53(group)\u8005\uff0co \u8868\u793a\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4eba\uff0ca \u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u7686\u662f\u3002
+ \u8868\u793a\u589e\u52a0\u6743\u9650\u3001- \u8868\u793a\u53d6\u6d88\u6743\u9650\u3001= \u8868\u793a\u552f\u4e00\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6743\u9650\u3002
r \u8868\u793a\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0cw \u8868\u793a\u53ef\u5199\u5165\uff0cx \u8868\u793a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0cX \u8868\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u662f\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u8005\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8fc7\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u3002
-c : \u82e5\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u6743\u9650\u786e\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u624d\u663e\u793a\u5176\u66f4\u6539\u52a8\u4f5c
-f : \u82e5\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u6743\u9650\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u66f4\u6539\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u8baf\u606f
-v : \u663e\u793a\u6743\u9650\u53d8\u66f4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599
-R : \u5bf9\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u53d8\u66f4(\u5373\u4ee5\u9012\u56de\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9010\u4e2a\u53d8\u66f4)
–help : \u663e\u793a\u8f85\u52a9\u8bf4\u660e
–version : \u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c
\u8303\u4f8b :\u5c06\u6863\u6848 file1.txt \u8bbe\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7686\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6 :
chmod ugo+r file1.txt
\u5c06\u6863\u6848 file1.txt \u8bbe\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7686\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6 :
chmod a+r file1.txt
\u5c06\u6863\u6848 file1.txt \u4e0e file2.txt \u8bbe\u4e3a\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u6240\u5c5e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u8005\u53ef\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199\u5165 :
chmod ug+w,o-w file1.txt file2.txt
\u5c06 ex1.py \u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c :
chmod u+x ex1.py
\u5c06\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7686\u8bbe\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6 :
chmod -R a+r *
\u6b64\u5916chmod\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6743\u9650\u5982 chmod 777 file
\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1achmod abc file
\u5176\u4e2da,b,c\u5404\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793aUser\u3001Group\u3001\u53caOther\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002
r=4\uff0cw=2\uff0cx=1
\u82e5\u8981rwx\u5c5e\u6027\u52194+2+1=7\uff1b
\u82e5\u8981rw-\u5c5e\u6027\u52194+2=6\uff1b
\u82e5\u8981r-x\u5c5e\u6027\u52194+1=7\u3002
\u8303\u4f8b\uff1a
chmod a=rwx file
\u548c
chmod 777 file
\u6548\u679c\u76f8\u540c
chmod ug=rwx,o=x file
\u548c
chmod 771 file
\u6548\u679c\u76f8\u540c
\u82e5\u7528chmod 4755 filename\u53ef\u4f7f\u6b64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5177\u6709root\u7684\u6743\u9650.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6307\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0 : chown
\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650 : root
\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f : chmod [-cfhvR] [–help] [–version] user[] file…
\u8bf4 \u660e : Linux\/Unix \u662f\u591a\u4eba\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6863\u6848\u7686\u6709\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u3002\u5229\u7528 chown \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6863\u6848\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u52a0\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u53ea\u6709\u662f\u7531 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u8005(root)\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u6539\u8bbe\u4e3a\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u8005(root)\u624d \u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002
\u628a\u8ba1 :
user : \u65b0\u7684\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 IDgroup : \u65b0\u7684\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7fa4 \u4f53(group)-c : \u82e5\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u786e\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u624d\u663e\u793a\u5176\u66f4\u6539\u52a8\u4f5c-f : \u82e5\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u66f4\u6539\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u8baf\u606f-h : \u53ea\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fde\u7ed3 (link)\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8be5 link \u771f\u6b63\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6863\u6848-v : \u663e\u793a\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u53d8\u66f4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599-R : \u5bf9\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005 \u53d8\u66f4(\u5373\u4ee5\u9012\u56de\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9010\u4e2a\u53d8\u66f4)–help : \u663e\u793a\u8f85\u52a9\u8bf4\u660e–version : \u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c
\u8303\u4f8b :
\u5c06\u6863\u6848 file1.txt \u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u8bbe\u4e3a users \u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 jessie :
chown jessie:users file1.txt
\u5c06\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7686\u8bbe\u4e3a users \u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 lamport :
chmod -R lamport:users *
-rw——- (600) — \u53ea\u6709\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650\u3002
-rw-r–r– (644) — \u53ea\u6709\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff1b\u800c\u5c5e\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u6709\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\u3002
-rwx—— (700) — \u53ea\u6709\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002
-rwxr-xr-x (755) — \u5c5e\u4e3b\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1b\u800c\u5c5e\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002
-rwx–x–x (711) — \u5c5e\u4e3b\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1b\u800c\u5c5e\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002
-rw-rw-rw- (666) — \u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u6743\u9650\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u3002
-rwxrwxrwx (777) — \u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002\u66f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u8bbe\u5b9a:
drwx—— (700) – \u53ea\u6709\u5c5e\u4e3b\u53ef\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3002
drwxr-xr-x (755) – \u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5c5e\u4e3b\u624d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

————————————————————————–<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u8fd0\u884c .sh \u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a
\u7528file\u547d\u4ee4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u770b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684
file xxxx.sh
\u5982\u679c\u662fBourne-Again shell script \u53ef\u4ee5sh xxxx.sh \u6216\u8005chmod +x xxxx.sh\u518d.\/xxx.sh
\u4e00\u822c .sh \u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6dfb\u52a0x(\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u5c5e\u6027) chmod +x xxx.sh \u7136\u540e.\/xxx.sh\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86
chmod\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6539\u53d8\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u7684\u547d\u4ee4.r:\u53ea\u8bfb,w:\u5199,x\u6267\u884c.\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u5b57<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

————————————————————————–<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1\u3001\u4fee\u6539root\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801 sudo su         \/\/\u8fdb\u5165root\u7528\u6237adduser ftp   \/\/\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aftp\u7684\u7528\u6237passwd ftp   \/\/\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801 2\u3001chmod\u547d\u4ee4 chmod 774 \/usr\/www \u6307\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0 : chmod\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650 : \u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,8],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77,"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76\/revisions\/77"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.lnzdl.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}